المجلة الدولية للعلوم والتقنية

There is no doubt that securing human water needs is both a challenge and a problem. Water management is vital for poverty reduction, environmental sustenance, and sustainable economic development. In view of the rapid increase in population, urbanization, and industrialization, the demand for water to meet various requirements is continuously increasing. Therefore, we are facing numerous challenges in the water sector, which include reducing per capita water availability, the decline in groundwater table in many areas, and saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers. The quality of surface water and groundwater is also deteriorating because of increasing pollutant loads from various sources. Climate change may also adversely affect the availability and distribution of water resources. In order to attain water security, the Libyan government concentrated on making investments in the groundwater sector, particularly because Libya has the greatest groundwater reserves in Africa, amounting to about 95,000 km³. Established as the primary source of water supply for over 70% of Libyan cities, the Man-Made River project has grown to be a strategically significant choice. However, even after all phases are completed, it will only help secure 2.3 billion m³ of water a year. The real future water needs are estimated at around 10 billion m³ by 2035, which cannot be met by this amount. Therefore, alternative and supportive solutions for the river project are needed to reduce the gap between what is available and what is produced, such as desalination of seawater and sewage treatment. The study aims to present the reality of the water sector in Libya. including some technical aspects and policies of dealing with the water resources sector, and thus trying to analyze the current challenges and problems and anticipate future problems faced by this sector, as well as publishing the most important available data and statistics and the results of periodic reports related to the state of water resources in Libya. The study used a variety of academic sources, including peer-reviewed articles, government reports, international publications, and academics and researchers interested in this field, to provide a comprehensive and evidence-based examination of the issues. Finally, the purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of hydraulic and water resources management in Libya and to provide policymakers with insights into policies and practitioners in this field. The results of this study will be useful to policymakers and practitioners in Libya as well as countries facing challenges in water management. The study concludes that Libya's water crisis is multifaceted and involves more than just a quantitative shortfall of fresh water; it also involves high rates of population growth, waste, ongoing encroachment on the river system, poor management, and water pollution. The paper will provide recommendations for future research to further advance the understanding of hydraulic and water resource management in Libya. Keywords: Man-Made River Project, Hydraulic, Water Resources Management, condition political.