The results of this study clearly show that authoritarian parenting styles and family neglect are among the primary factors contributing to the emergence and exacerbation of aggressive behavior in children. Authoritarian parenting ، which relies on harshness, severe punishment, and imposing obedience without dialogue, creates a stressful psychological environment for the child, making them feel fear, anxiety, and insecurity, which drives them to express their repressed feelings through aggressive behavior towards others. Furthermore, family neglect, whether emotional, educational, or developmental, leads the child to feel deprived and uncared for, causing them to seek attention in negative ways such as violence, vandalism, and socially unacceptable behaviors. The absence of emotional support and proper guidance is one of the most serious factors affecting a child's psychological balance and weakening their ability to control their emotions. The study revealed that children learn aggressive behavior through imitation and modeling of parental or environmental behavior, in addition to the impact of frustration resulting from deprivation or psychological pressure. This underscores the crucial role of the family in shaping a child's behavior and personality. The study also confirms that aggression is not an innate, fixed trait, but rather a learned behavior that can be modified through proper upbringing and appropriate educational and psychological interventions. In light of these findings, the study recommends adopting democratic parenting methods based on dialogue, mutual respect, and positive encouragement, instead of harshness and neglect. It also recommends raising awareness among parents and teachers about the importance of providing psychological support to children, teaching them anger management skills and healthy emotional expression, and strengthening cooperation between families and schools to address behavioral problems early on. In conclusion, this study affirms that investing in sound upbringing and providing psychological care for children is fundamental to building a psychologically and socially balanced generation capable of positive interaction with society, thus contributing to reducing behavioral problems and achieving sustainable social development. Keywords: Authoritarian parenting styles, family neglect, aggressive behavior, children, and socialization, case study.