Digital transformation has become a central force reshaping the role of the state, the legal frameworks governing public administration, and the delivery of government services, yet existing scholarship tends to treat its conceptual, legal, and practical dimensions separately, with the human dimension receiving little sustained attention. This paper addresses that fragmentation through a qualitative comparative review of fifteen peer-reviewed sources spanning European, Asian, African, and other national contexts. The review synthesizes evidence on digital transformation’s conceptual foundations, legal architectures, practical outcomes, and the organizational conditions required to sustain reform. Findings show that conceptual precision particularly between digitization, digitalization, and comprehensive transformation remains inconsistently applied. The review identifies three recurring legal patterns (EU, Uzbekistan, China/South Korea); cautioning against treating them as an exhaustive global typology, given more fragmented arrangements observed in African contexts. Efficiency gains consistently pair with risks, including privacy tensions and digital-skills gaps, the paper concludes that legal adaptability and workforce readiness matter as much as technology adoption itself................... Keywords:.................. digital transformation, public administration, e-governance, legal framework, state role, comparative review.