This research aims to examine the intellectual and theoretical intersection between intellectual and methodological pluralism in the field of strategic management, and to demonstrate the impact of agency theory and its applications on organizational practices. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach through a review of relevant literature and previous studies. It concluded that theoretical pluralism, despite providing researchers with extensive flexibility in interpreting organizational phenomena, may create practical confusion for managers due to contradictions among intellectual schools. Conversely, the results demonstrated that agency theory retains dominance and priority in practical application across the levels of the strategic hierarchy, owing to its effective capability in addressing information flow, managing risk, and regulating monitoring contracts to curb opportunistic behavior. The study recommends adopting an integrative perspective that balances pluralistic approaches with structural theories to achieve efficiency and sustainable competitive advantage................... Keywords:.................... Strategic Management, Intellectual Pluralism, Agency Theory.