المجلة الدولية للعلوم والتقنية

Antiemetic medications used in surgical procedures are drugs that aim to prevent and treat vomiting during and after surgery. Study objectives: The purpose of the present study is to: Determining the best antiemetic drugs to be used during surgical procedures. Study the effect of antiemetic drugs on the patient and find the most effective antiemetic drugs in Misurata Medical Centre. Identify the consequences of taking anti-emetic drugs on patients after surgery. Methodology: Questionnaires were distributed to anesthesiologists in 2021 and interview with patients' cases at Misurata Medical Center. Results: Samples were random; the patients were 80% female, while 20% were male. Most of the patients were between the ages of (31-50), where their percentage was 52%. The results also showed that the antiemetic drugs after surgery inside the Misurata Medical Center were dexamethasone and metoclopramide, but dexamethasone came in by 54%. The study indicated that no combination of anti-emetic drugs is used during surgical operations inside the Misurata Medical Center. In addition, the choice of antiemetic drug is not affected by the duration of anesthesia during the surgical operation, the type of drug used for anesthesia, or the medications that the patient takes before surgery. The most commonly used anesthetics was propofol, followed by ketamine and fentanyl. While the most commonly used analgesics was tramadol by 30%, followed by morphine by 22%. The study also confirmed that the chronic diseases of patients undergoing surgery significantly affect the choice of the type of antiemetic drug. We noticed that patients with diabetes are not given dexamethasone. Conclusion: In conclusion, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is defined as any nausea, retching, or vomiting occurring during the first 24–48 hour after surgery in inpatients. It is one of the complications after surgery. There are many anti-emetic drugs after surgeries, the most important of which is Zovran, but it is not used inside the Misurata Medical Center due to its high price. And the drugs used as anti-emetic drugs after surgery are dexamethasone and metoclopramide. Dexamethasone is more effective, except in cases of diabetics, because it increases blood sugar levels. It is also better to use two anti-emetic drugs in the same surgery to get better results, and this was confirmed by the previous studies mentioned, but the results showed that this method was not used and the reasons were not mentioned. Gender and age did not show any relationship with postoperative vomiting and nausea. It is worth noting that the most used drug is dexamethasone, due to its availability and cheap price, in addition to its effectiveness and safety compared to other anti-emetic drugs. Keywords: post, operative, nausea, vomiting, Antiemetic drugs, patient, general anesthesia, and side effects.