Edible oils may contain pesticide residues and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), but evidence from Libya remains limited. This cross-sectional pilot study screened ten edible-oil samples marketed in Al-Bayda, Libya, in three analytical batches during 2025. Eight mixed vegetable-oil samples were analysed by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) for selected pesticides and for benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[e]pyrene. Two branded samples (corn and sunflower oil) were analysed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) after quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction. Prochloraz was detected in 7 of 8 mixed-oil samples (87.5%; 26.24–49.57 µg/kg), and procymidone in 6 of 8 samples (75.0%; 11.33–35.37 µg/kg); permethrin was not detected. Neither PAH was detected above the method limit of quantification (LOQ) of 10 µg/kg. Piperonyl butoxide and pirimiphos-methyl were below 0.01 mg/kg or not detected in the two branded oils. The frequent fungicide detections warrant further investigation, but regulatory interpretation requires the exact oilseed composition, applicable residue definitions, and verified current maximum residue limits. Because the PAH LOQ exceeded the European Union maximum level for benzo[a]pyrene in most oils, non-detection does not establish compliance. Larger, representative surveillance using harmonised analytical methods, a complete PAH4 panel, and sufficiently low LOQs is recommended.................. Keywords:............... edible oils; food safety; Libya; pesticide residues; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; prochloraz.